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Thrombosis is a ghost that swims in the blood vessels of the human body. It usually has no effect. But if the blood vessels are blocked, it will cause fatal harm to the human body. What's more, before the blood vessels are blocked,99% of blood clots have no symptoms or feelings.

IWhat is a thrombus?

Under normal circumstances, the human blood coagulation and anticoagulation system is in dynamic balance. Once the dynamic balance is broken, the blood coagulation factors increase, and the blood is in hypercoagulable state. At this time, the solid substance formed by the blood is thrombus.

IIThromboembolic disease

Under various pathological conditions, it destroys the normal coagulation mechanism and physiological balance, forms thrombus, and causes thromboembolic diseases, which are very common in clinic, mainly including the diseases represented by heart, brain, lung, lower limb artery or vein, such as ischemic stroke, angina pectoris, myocardial infarction, intermittent claudication, acute limb ischemia, resting pain, gangrene, necrosis, etc. Such lesions often have serious consequences and directly endanger the life and health of patients.

With the development of society and the aggravation of population aging, the incidence rate of thromboembolic disease increases year by year. According to the statistics of the World Health Organization, there areFifteen million people died of thromboembolic diseases, which has taken the first place in the global total mortality rate of diseases, and has increased in recent years. Thromboembolic disease not only has a high mortality rate, but also has a high disability rate. Even if the patient is rescued, it will cause great damage to the body.

IIIHow is the thrombus formed?

one、Endomembrane damage of cardiovascular system

The endothelial cells of cardiovascular system have the dual functions of anticoagulation and coagulation promotion. When they are in normal physiological state, anticoagulation is the main function. Once the endothelial cells are injured, they will turn to the role of coagulation.

The damage of endothelial cells will expose the vascular wall, and platelets are easy to adhere to the tissue under the endothelium, which will cause platelet aggregation and release, and then promote thrombosis.

two、Changes in blood flow status

When the blood flow rate is significantly reduced, the stratified axial flow of blood visible components will be destroyed, resulting in platelets entering the side flow, which is easy to gather to the damaged intima.

At the same time, as the blood flow slows down, it is not easy to wash the accumulated platelets, thus further promoting thrombosis. In addition, eddy current of blood flow is also easy to cause thrombosis.

three、Changes in blood properties

The blood composition and function of the human body will change under pathological conditions, especially when suffering from severe trauma and causing massive blood loss.

At this time, coagulation factors increase, platelets increase, blood viscosity increases, and the activity of fibrinolytic system decreases, and sufficient fibrinolytic enzyme cannot be released to dissolve thrombus, resulting in blood being in hypercoagulable state and prone to thrombosis.

Hypercoagulability is common in severe infection, malignant tumor, hemolytic anemia, diabetes, liver disease, disseminated intravascular coagulation, pregnancy induced hypertension syndrome, etc.

How to prevent thrombus?

one、motion

establishThe concept of "being sedentary and immobile is prone to thrombosis" and the habit of "being sedentary and immobile" is the necessary method to prevent thrombosis!

Research found that sitting in front of a computerFor more than 90 minutes, blood flow in the knee will be reduced by 50%, thus increasing the probability of thrombosis.

It is recommended that healthy adults should at leastThree medium-intensity aerobic exercises lasting more than 40 minutes, such as fast walking, jogging, cycling, etc. For people who need to sit for a long time in daily work, it is recommended to take 2-3 minutes of physical activity every 1 hour of sitting.

two、Healthy diet

We should arrange three meals a day, achieve balanced nutrition, and eat some foods that can prevent thrombosis, such as deep-sea fish, onions, garlic, celery, black fungus, etc. These foods can reduce the cholesterol content in the body, reduce the concentration of blood lipids, improve blood viscosity, and prevent thrombosis.

three、Drink plenty of water

Drinking water helps to dilute blood, reduce blood viscosity and reduce thrombosis.

Drink enough water in daily life and in time. Don't wait until your mouth is dry. An adult should drink as much water every day1500-1700ml。 For the elderly, they need to drink more water because their blood is relatively thicker.

four、Chronic disease management

People with chronic diseases such as diabetes, hypertension and dyslipidemia should do a good job in health management of chronic diseases, actively control and treat them, and keep a good attitude at the same time, which can effectively prevent the formation of thrombus.

five、Regular life

Go to bed early and get up early, keep a regular schedule of work and rest, and eat three meals a day on time and in quantity to ensure adequate nutrition.

Pay special attention not to go to bed immediately half an hour after the meal. Just after the meal, in order to promote gastrointestinal digestion, blood is gathered in the stomach. At this time, when you fall asleep, you are prone to stroke due to insufficient blood supply to the brain.

six、Timely treatment

When symptoms such as acute chest pain, dyspnea, aphasia, limb inactivity, swelling and pain in the lower leg suddenly occur, you must go to the hospital in time and call immediately if necessary120 emergency call for help.