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nearOver the past 20 years, many studies have confirmed that compared with people without diabetes, diabetes patients have a 4-fold increased risk of myocardial infarction, which is equivalent to the risk of recurrent myocardial infarction in patients with diagnosed coronary heart disease.

Therefore, diabetes is also called coronary heart disease and other critical diseases. If diabetes is combined with hypertension or has atherosclerosis, the risk of myocardial infarction, stroke and cardiovascular death will increase significantly in the next few years.

IHow does hyperglycemia damage blood vessels?

Endothelial cells in blood vessels are natural barriers between circulating blood and blood vessel walls, maintaining normal physiological functions of blood vessels, such as regulating inflammatory reaction and preventing platelet aggregation. Hyperglycemic"Glycotoxicity" causes damage to vascular endothelial structure, and also damages the integrity of vascular wall, resulting in increased vascular permeability. The dysfunction of vascular endothelial cells and imbalance of secretion of active substances will cause pathological changes of blood vessels.

As a result, blood vessels narrowed, blood thickened and blood lipids increased. The glucose metabolism in the body is closely related to the lipid metabolism. When the glucose metabolism is abnormal, it will affect the normal synthesis and decomposition of lipids in the body, increase the synthesis and decomposition of lipids in the body, and lead to the disorder of blood lipids.

Therefore, diabetes is also called"Glycolipidosis" can be characterized by an increase in the concentration of triglycerides or a decrease in the level of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. In the case of hyperglycemia, vascular endothelial cells are damaged, cholesterol is more likely to deposit under the vascular endothelium to form atherosclerotic plaque, and promote the occurrence and development of cardiovascular event chain.

The increase of lipids, viscous blood and narrow blood vessels will increase the deposition of lipids on the endothelium. If it is not properly controlled, it will give blood vessels"Blocking" will develop into plaque and eventually lead to atherosclerosis. The blood vessels at the site of the plaque will have decreased elasticity and increased brittleness, increasing the risk of rupture and causing hemorrhagic diseases.

IIDiabetes is more than sugar control

Research shows that the macrovascular complications of diabetes cannot be completely avoided only by controlling blood sugar. At the same time, blood pressure must be controlled within the normal range, blood lipids must be adjusted to the ideal level, and weight loss must be reduced.

Hyperglycemia, hypertension and hyperlipemiaThe "three highs", collectively referred to as metabolic syndrome, are the basic inducements of atherosclerosis and must be controlled and monitored. Therefore, for those sugar friends who can't even "regularly monitor blood sugar", we should pay attention to this problem.

Diabetes develops insidiously. A considerable number of patients are diagnosed as diabetes for the first time after comprehensive examination during hospitalization due to cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, that is, the first clinical manifestation of many diabetes patients may be heart, brain or kidney diseases.

Therefore, all patients with cardiovascular disease, cerebrovascular disease and kidney disease should be screened for diabetes, blood pressure and blood lipids, so as to find, intervene and reach the standard as soon as possible, and maintain long-term management of reaching the standard.

Strict management of multiple cardiovascular risks in patients with diabetes is the top priority of its treatment. Actively intervene in correctable risk factors such as smoking, blood pressure, blood sugar, blood fat, body weight, and strive to reach the treatment standard and maintain it for a long time.

IIIComprehensive management to reduce risks

1. First, we should improve our lifestyle and control blood sugar;

2. We should pay attention to blood pressure indicators and control them in time if they exceed the standard;

3. Pay attention to the blood fat and try to control it to the standard;

4. Measure the weight regularly to gradually reach a healthy weight;

5. Measure the complications regularly and improve as soon as possible;

6. If there is fatty liver, it should be alleviated as soon as possible;

IVHealthy diet and exercise

1. Vegetarian-oriented, eat more vegetables, and eat less fried food, pickled food, and processed food;

2. Ensure more than 25 grams of dietary fiber per day, promote the balance of intestinal flora and reduce harmful bacteria;

3. Reasonable exercise, moderate intensity aerobic exercise for half an hour to one hour every day;

4. Scientific medication, especially diabetes drugs beneficial to blood vessel and kidney health;

5. Eat some deep-sea fish twice a week;

6. Supplement some vitamins appropriately;

Finally, let's remind again that angiopathy in diabetes is the basis of all complications, and the patient has diabetes10 years means that the vascular disease has been 10 years, and the vascular stenosis is at least 30%, and the speed of vascular disease in diabetes patients is 3-6 times that of normal people. The way out is for patients with diabetes to actively protect their blood vessels and prevent vascular diseases.