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Blood pressure is closely related to people's mental factors and living environment. Occasionally, the blood pressure measured is higher than the normal value, which is called high blood pressureThe blood pressure measured three times is higher than the normal value, that is, suspected hypertension, and needs to be diagnosed in the hospital.

One of the reasons for high blood pressure is the spasm of micro-arteries and arterioles in the whole body, and the increase of peripheral resistance during cardiac ejection, which leads to the increase of blood pressure; There are atherosclerotic plaques in the vessel wall, which will reduce the elasticity of the vessel and increase the blood pressure.

In addition, if people are in a state of high tension, anxiety and fatigue for a long time, or eat a high-fat and high-calorie diet for a long time, they are also prone to hypertension.

Most people with hypertension have symptoms such as dizziness, headache, tinnitus, hearing loss, neck stiffness, insomnia, irritability, memory loss, and reduced work efficiency.

When blood pressure is too high, dizziness, headache, nausea and vomiting may occur. If it is not treated timely and properly, it can be combined with coronary heart disease, cerebrovascular disease, renal failure and other organ diseases.

Hypertension is a complex disease, which is closely related to the following factors:

1. Genetic factors

Many data show that hypertension is polygenic.

In the same family, hypertension patients are concentrated, not because they have a common lifestyle, but mainly because of the existence of hypertension genetic genes.

about60% of the patients with hypertension have a family history of hypertension, their parents have hypertension, and their children have a high incidence rate of 46%.

2. Weight factor

There is a high correlation between body weight and blood pressure.

The study found that with body mass indexWith the increase of BMI, the prevalence of hypertension in overweight and obese people is 2-3 times higher than that in normal weight people.

If you gain weight quickly over a period of time, your blood pressure will also increase rapidly. Therefore, overweight and obesity are one of the main risk factors of hypertension.

People with abdominal obesity are more likely to develop hypertension.

3. Dietary factors

Excessive sodium salt in dietary structure.

Per capita salt intake in most regions of China>12 g/day, up to 12~18 g/day for northerners, far exceeding the recommended sodium intake of 6 g/day.

Therefore, limiting sodium salt intake is the most effective, economical and no side effect treatment for reducing blood pressure.

In addition, high protein intake is also a pressor factor, so people with high blood pressure are advised not to take too much protein, just an appropriate amount.

4. Smoking

Smoking is also one of the main risk factors of hypertension.

Smoking can accelerate atherosclerosis and increase blood pressure.

Experiments show that if you smoke two cigarettes continuously,After 10 minutes, the secretion of adrenaline and norepinephrine in the body increased, the heart rate increased, and the systolic and diastolic blood pressure increased. According to relevant data, smokers are prone to malignant hypertension and to die of subarachnoid hemorrhage.

5. Drinking

Men drink dailyMore than 60 grams of alcohol, and more than 40 grams of alcohol per day for women, are classified as harmful drinking. Among adult drinkers in China, harmful drinking accounts for 9.3%.

The study found that if drinking was restricted, blood pressure would drop significantly.

At present, the evidence that small amount of alcohol is beneficial to cardiovascular health is not sufficient. Some studies show that for people who drink a small amount of alcohol, reducing alcohol intake can also improve cardiovascular health and reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease.

6. Mental and psychological factors

The prevalence of hypertension is as high as11.30 %；

The second is telephone operators, accountants and statisticians, with a prevalence rate of10.20 %。 It shows that people who are engaged in high concentration, mental stress and lack of physical activity are prone to hypertension.

7. Drugs

Some drugs can cause blood pressure to rise, such as contraceptives, glucocorticoids, such as prednisone, ephedrine, licorice, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, adrenocortical hormones, etc. This situation is generally reversible. After stopping the drug, blood pressure will gradually return to normal.

In addition, frequent staying up late, lack of physical activity, and abnormal blood glucose and blood lipids also have a certain impact on the rise of blood pressure.

In short, many factors are related to the onset of hypertension, which may be the result of a combination of genetic, nutritional, weight, social and psychological factors. Only by understanding the predisposing factors of hypertension, the main symptoms of hypertension, and early prevention and treatment of hypertension can we maintain a healthy body.